JNVST Practice Paper 1

Number System

• Even + Even = Even

• Odd + Odd = Even

• Even × Even = Even

• Odd × Odd = Odd

LCM and HCF

• HCF × LCM = Product of Two Numbers

• LCM of two numbers = (Product of numbers) / HCF

Basic Operations

• BODMAS Rule: Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction

Fractions

• ab+cd=ad+bcbd\frac{a}{b} + \frac{c}{d} = \frac{ad + bc}{bd}ba​+dc​=bdad+bc​

• To convert improper to mixed: Divide numerator by denominator.

Decimals

• Move the decimal point according to powers of 10.

• To multiply decimals: Count total decimal places in both numbers.

Percentage

• Percentage=PartWhole×100\text{Percentage} = \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Whole}} \times 100Percentage=WholePart​×100

• % Increase = IncreaseOriginal×100\frac{\text{Increase}}{\text{Original}} \times 100OriginalIncrease​×100

Simple Interest

• SI=P×R×T100\text{SI} = \frac{P \times R \times T}{100}SI=100P×R×T​

Time, Speed, Distance

• Speed=DistanceTime\text{Speed} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Time}}Speed=TimeDistance​

• If time is constant, speed ∝ distance

Average

• Average=Sum of quantitiesNumber of quantities\text{Average} = \frac{\text{Sum of quantities}}{\text{Number of quantities}}Average=Number of quantitiesSum of quantities​

Area and Perimeter

• Square: Area = a2a^2a2, Perimeter = $4a$

• Rectangle: Area = $l\times b$, Perimeter = $2(l+b)$

• Triangle: Area = 12×b×h\frac{1}{2} \times b \times h21​×b×h

• Circle: Area = πr2\pi r^2πr2, Circumference = $2\pi r$

Unit Conversions

• 1 km = 1000 m

• 1 m = 100 cm

• 1 kg = 1000 g

• 1 L = 1000 mL